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INFECTIOUS DESEASES

WHAT ARE THEY?
    Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi. These diseases can be transmitted, directly or indirectly, from one person to another.

 TIPES:

 -HIV:One way to transmit HIV is through sexual intercourse, although it can also be transmitted through the blood.
- Meningitis. It is the inflammation of the meninges, membranes that cover the central nervous system.
- Flu:It is possibly one of the most infectious, and above all, the most common. It is also one of the most contagious.
- Cholera:It is an acute diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio Cholerae. The infection is caused by the ingestion of contaminated food, but especially by eating food that is in water contaminated by infected human faeces.
- Mononucleosi:The infection is caused by the Epstein Barr virus. It is better known as kiss disease.
- Herpes:According to the SAR, herpes is an "eruption that appears in isolated areas of the skin, usually chronic and in many different ways, accompanied by itching or itching."
 - Pneumonia:It is produced by pneumococcus and affects the lungs. It has three common causes: bacteria, viruses and fungi.
- Tuberculosis:Produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Koch's bacillus. It also mainly affects the lungs.
- Chickenpox:It is a classic childhood disease that is declining due to vaccination. This contagious disease is caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV).

 CAUSES:

 -Bacteria.These unicellular organisms cause diseases such as strep throat, urinary tract infections and tuberculosis.
-Virus. Viruses are even smaller than bacteria, but can cause numerous diseases: from the common cold to AIDS.
-Mushrooms. Many skin diseases, such as ringworm and athlete's foot, are due to fungi. There are other types of fungi that can infect the lungs or the nervous system.

-Parasites The cause of malaria is a type of parasite that is transmitted by mosquito bites. There are other parasites that can be transmitted to humans through the feces of animals.

  TREATMENTS

 -Antibiotics
-Antivirals
-Antifungals
-Antiparasitic
-Alternative medicine

 HOW TO AVOID THEM:

 1. Keep your vaccinations up to date
2. Wash your hands often, especially in times of flu and colds.
3. Be sure of what you eat, and be careful in your preparation
4. Use antibiotics exactly as directed. Take them for as long as prescribed by your doctor, but not for colds or other non-bacterial diseases.
5. Inform your doctor of any infection that gets worse or does not get better after you are taking the prescribed antibiotic.
6. Be wise with wild or domestic animals you do not know.
7. Avoid areas where there are mosquitoes. Use repellents on the skin and clothing in areas where mosquitoes are common
8. Avoid unsafe sex and injecting drugs.
9. Be aware of possible illnesses when traveling or visiting underdeveloped areas
10. When you get sick, give yourself time to heal and recover.

 Susana Hernández,Patricia Martín.

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